The problem with nitrogen and phosphorus now is that they are present is such large amounts that they begin to create big problems. These nutrients are a major food source for harmful algae, which reproduce at such rapid rates that they are often called “blooms” when they are present. These blooms will cover the surface of the water blocking out the much needed sunlight from getting to underwater grasses called submerged aquatic vegetation. When the algae die, they are consumed by bacteria, which deplete the oxygen in the water and creates low levels of dissolved oxygen. Just like humans, all aquatic animals need oxygen to survive, but sometimes algae blooms are so severe they deplete all of the oxygen in the water creating a “dead zone.”
Watershed Restoration
The James River Association also works to restore habitats and aquatic life in the James River watershed. Historically, JRA has helped to restore the shad population in the James by helping to raise awareness and funds for a vertical slot fish passage at Bosher’s Dam in Henrico County. Through this project, shad, rockfish, and herring were able to reach over 11,000 acres of spawning grounds that had been closed to anadromous fish populations since 1803. Anadromous fish are those that live at sea, but swim up streams to spawn.
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